LESSON PLAN
S.T.A.D.
Grade:3rd
Teacher’s Name: Groza Valentina
Date of Presentation: May 5th, 2008
Estimated Time of Lesson: 50 minutes
Teaching Point: Subjunctive Mood
Pre-entry Performance: Students have had lessons on Indicative and Conditional Moods.
Performance Objectives:
A – Content :
a- Students will know that the conditional and the subjunctive moods are very similar.
b- Students will be able to use the verbs in the subjunctive mood accurately.
c- Students will be able to justify the use of the tenses : Past and Past Perfect Subjunctive.
B – Process :
a- Students will give examples, deduce rules, practice, correct and justify.
b- Students will work in teams, interact, cooperate, teach each other, be responsible for their own learning and work collaboratively toward common goals.
c- Students will complete worksheets and correct them.
d- Students will take a quiz and be individually accountable.
e- Students will determine individual improvement points.
f- Students will compete only with their previous achievements.
Materials: Blackboard , worksheets , Text Book
Procedures: Teacher and Student Activities
A – Teacher Activities : Planning the Lesson
a- Rank Students from highest to lowest based on past performance (Base Score )
b- Decide on the number of teams: divide total student number by 4.
The quotient will be the number of teams.
c- Assign students to heterogeneous teams: the groups should have equal ranges of ability .
d- Prepare : – Lesson to teach
- Worksheets and Answers
- Game / Quiz and Answers
- Quiz Score Sheets
- Team Recognition Forms
e- Plan Team-Building Activities and prepare the set of procedures the students have to follow such as the following :
- Make sure their team-mates have learned the material
- No one finishes studying until all teammates have mastered the subject
èInsist on the good Team Spirit
- Ask teammates for help before asking the teacher .
- Talk to each other softly and behave seriously .
B – Teacher & Student Activities : Implementing the Lesson
a- Teacher Presentation : Instruction ( 10 minutes )
1- Introduction :
- Reviewing previous lesson quickly ( Conditional Mood ) and relating it to current
lesson (Subjunctive Mood-past and past perfect tenses).
- Specifying the goals
2- Presenting, explaining and modeling the skills ( The students should be active and deduce the rules themselves whenever possible ).
b- Transition to Teams: ( 5 minutes )
1- Explain how cooperative learning works and the procedures to be followed
2- Assign each student to a team
3- Assign the location in the room for the different teams
4- Give the procedures for obtaining and turning in materials
5- Give the time frames
c- Team Study and Monitoring : ( 14 minutes )
1- Give each team two copies of the worksheets (so that they work in pairs).
2- Ask team members to study work-sheets and answer sheets to practice and assess their knowledge of the past and past perfect subjunctive.
3- Monitor the students’ work carefully (check if somebody is dominating or not participating ).
4- Focus on positive practice: praise the team who is working well and show others how they are doing it.
d- Individual Testing / Quiz : ( 8 minutes )
1- Each student sits alone for the quiz.
2- Each Student has to understand the content and demonstrate his/her understanding .
They are individually accountable !
e- Quiz Correction : ( 6 minutes )
Students in different teams correct each other’s quizzes after having received the quiz
answer sheets.
f- Team Recognition : ( 5 minutes )
1- Distribute the “Team Summary Sheets” on which the Base Scores should be written in advance .
2- Get students to determine individual improvement scores according to the guidelines mentioned on the Team Summary Sheets .
3- Recognize Teams according to the guidelines mentioned on the Team Summary Sheets as well .
4- Give the different certificates to the “Good Team, Great Team and SUPER TEAM.”
Students should understand that they have Equal Opportunity for Success;
They compete Only against their past performances;
Effort and Improvement count a lot !
g- Closure : ( 2 minutes )
Review and discuss (briefly ) the various components of S.T.A.D.
è ask students for their opinion to see whether they have liked this method or not .
The Subjunctive Mood
It is used to show imaginary or desirable situations in the present and in the past.
A – The Present Subjunctive : ( Incomplete Infinitive)
It is used after the verbs: to order, to command, to demand, to advise and to suggest (when they
are followed by that or by a subject , not an object )
E.g. The General ordered that John come on time.
The General ordered John to come on time.
I commanded he be hanged.
I commanded him to hang the criminal .
B – The Past & Past Perfect Subjunctive :
They are used after the following verbs or expressions :
- To wish
- It’s (about / high ) time è S. Past
- If Only
- Suppose / Supposing
- As if /As though
- I’d rather + Subject
a- The Past Subjunctive : ( Simple Past form )
It is used when we speak in general, in the present or in the future ( cf. 2nd type of conditional sentences)
E.g. I wish I were you ( But I AM not ), then I would go skiing everyday .
b- The Past Perfect Subjunctive : ( Past Perfect form )
It is used when we refer to a past action that we regret. (cf. 3rd type of conditional sentences )
E.g. I wish I hadn’t fought with my parents last week ( but I did ) , then they would
have allowed me to go to the movies with you .
Team Summary Sheet
Team Name : …………………………………………………….
| Date :………………… | Date :………………… | Date :………………… | |||||||
| TEAM | Quiz :…………………………………… | Quiz :…………………………………… | Quiz :…………………………………… | ||||||
| Members | BaseScore | QuizScore | Progress | BaseScore | QuizScore | Pro-gress | BaseScore | QuizScore | Pro-gress |
| Total Team Score | |||||||||
| Team Average * | |||||||||
| Team Award | |||||||||
* Team Average = Total Team Score ‘Number of Team Members
How to Determine Individual Improvement Scores ?
Quiz Imp. Points
1) More than 2 points below Base Score 0
2) 2 points below to 1 point below Base Score 2
3) Base Score to 2 points above Base Score 4
4) More than 2 points Above Base Score 6
5) Perfect Paper ( regardless of Base Score ) 6
Team Recognition : ( Based on “Team Average” )
GOOD TEAM = 3 points
GREAT TEAM = 4 points
SUPER TEAM = 5 points or more
Worksheet: Objective : Past and Past Perfect Subjunctive
Instructions : Use the verbs in parentheses in the correct form .
1- People with curly hair wish they ( have ) …………………… straight hair instead .
2- Tony hopes he (remember) …………………………… to buy his wife a gift this afternoon.
3- I can’t decipher your handwriting! I wish you ( write ) ………………………… with a fountain-pen.
4- Suppose I (not , come ) ………………………………… to class on time two days ago, ( you , send ) …………………………………………… me out ?
5- Stop behaving like a child! It’s time you (grow ) …………………………………… up !
6- I wish today ( be ) ……………………………… a holiday , then I ( be ) …………… lying in the sun !
7- They wished they ( never , leave ) ……………………………… the country and hoped they ( return ) ………………………………… some day .
8- If only she ( drive ) ……………………………… more carefully that day !
9- I’d rather ( not , tell ) …………………………… you where they’ve gone ; you will have to guess .
10- Wouldn’t you rather you ( be liked ) ……………………………… by the members of your family ?
11- He is such a nuisance. I wish I ( never , meet ) ……………………………… him .
12- He is behaving as though I ( not , deserve ) ………………………………… to be here!
13- It’s time something ( do ) ………………………………… about pollution!
14- Supposing he ( mean ) ………………… to do you harm now, what ( you , do ) ………………… ?
15- If only I ( know ) ………………………… how to repair this car ! What shall I do ?
16- I’d rather she ( not, shout ) …………………………………… at me so often !
17- When I entered Mr. Salameh’s office I was afraid he would yell at me but instead he talked to me
nicely , as if nothing ( happen ) ……………………………….
18- How could I have forgotten to bring the certificates? I’d rather you ( remind ) ……………………
to do so before we came .
Worksheet Answers
1- People with curly hair wish they had straight hair stead .
2- Tony hopes he will remember to buy his wife a gift this afternoon.
3- I can’t decipher your handwriting! I wish you had written with a fountain-pen.
4- Suppose I hadn’t come to class on time two days ago, would you have sent me out?
5- Stop behaving like a child! It’s time you grew up!
6- I wish today were a holiday, then I would be lying in the sun!
7- They wished they had never left the country and hoped they would return some day.
8- If only she had driven more carefully that day!
9- He’d rather not tell you where they’ve gone; I think you will have to guess.
10- Wouldn’t you rather you were liked by the members of your family?
11- He is such a nuisance. I wish I had never met him.
12- He is behaving as though I didn’t deserve to be here!
13- It’s time something were done about pollution!
14- Supposing he meant to do you harm now, what would you do?
15- If only I knew how to repair this car! What shall I do?
16- I’d rather she didn’t shout at us so often!
17- When I entered Mr. Salameh’s office I was afraid he would yell at me but instead he talked to me
nicely, as if nothing had happened .
18- How could I have forgotten to bring the certificates? I’d rather you had reminded me to do so before
we came.
Student Team Learning
Game/Quiz: Objective : Past and Past Perfect Subjunctive
Instructions : Complete each sentence so that it means the same as the one before.
1- Won’t the snow ever stop ?
If only …………………………………………………………………………………………………
2- John is sorry he smashed up his car .
John wishes …………………………………………………………………………………………
3- Why don’t you tell them what they are to do ?
I’d rather you ………………………………………………………………………………………
4- You haven’t made a decision yet !
It’s about time you ………………………………………………………………………………
5- She spends a lot of money , and yet she is in debt .
She behaves as though ……………………………………………………………………………
6- It’s a pity they were captured .
If only …………………………………………………………………………………………………
7- What if I didn’t want you to come to my birthday ?
Suppose …………………………………………………………………………………………………
8- Everyone would like you to begin the show .
It’s high time you …………………………………………………………………………………
9- He felt sorry she didn’t wait .
He wished ……………………………………………………………………………………………
10- I’d prefer you to come early .
I’d rather you ………………………………………………………………………………………
Game/Quiz Answers
1- Won’t the snow ever stop ?
If only the snow would stop !
2- John is sorry he smashed up his car .
John wishes he hadn’t smashed up his car .
3- Why don’t you tell them what they are to do ?
I’d rather you told them what they are to do .
4- You haven’t made a decision yet !
It’s about time you made a decision .
5- She spends a lot of money , and yet she is in debt .
She behaves as though she weren’t in debt .
6- It’s a pity they were captured .
If only they hadn’t been captured !
7- What if I didn’t want you to come to my birthday ?
Suppose I hadn’t wanted you to come to my birthday ?
8- Everyone would like you to begin the show .
It’s high time you began the show !
9- He felt sorry she didn’t wait .
He wished she had waited .
10- I’d prefer you to come early .
I’d rather you came / would come early .
Cooperative Lesson Basic Elements
The Student Teams Achievement Divisions (S.T.A.D.) format includes the elements necessary to a cooperative lesson. The group forms positive interdependence because the team needs every member to achieve in order to obtain the group reward and improve their grade. There is individual accountability because each student must take the quiz on his or her own and earn a grade. Social skills and face-to-face interactions are very evident in the team study portion of the lesson. The STAD method uses heterogeneous grouping in each study team. Evaluation is done via the individual quizzes. There is an element of processing of the material through returning the quizzes and reviewing the correct answers. There is also processing in the group process though the team recognition.
When assigning students to teams, one must take into account not only different academic ability levels of individual students, but also the classroom climate. It is important to have a friendly and safe classroom climate to have successful group work.
Another consideration is expectations and self-fulfilling prophecies. Students will have different expectations for their group members. These can be positive or negative. Students must be in a group that allows them to break out of negative expectations. Teachers must also be aware of their own expectations and make sure that they are not influencing negative student behavior through self-fulfilling prophecies. Teachers place students in teams based on how they expect each student to perform. Teachers need to keep an open mind about individual students’ “level” and realize that students may make great improvements.
Leadership takes an important role in STAD. Teachers using this method are demonstrating a more democratic type of leadership and hopefully this style will carry into the teams. Students have the chance to showcase their different psychological bases of influence and power. Students in a STAD team would have a choice to display expert and referent power. While teachers are usually viewed as having reward power, in a team all students can have this power. Everyone has the potential to contribute to the team score. These teams can also foster connection power that can benefit students in the small teams and in the general classroom setting.
Conflict could be an issue in the STAD model if the students do not have a positive relationship. There could be conceptual conflict as well as interpersonal conflict. However, if there is a cohesive classroom environment, the likelihood of conflict is greatly reduced.
While there are some risks using the STAD method or any cooperative learning model, there are many benefits. Friendships are made and interpersonal power and skills are increased. Every person is valued as an important member of the group as everyone has an equal chance of bringing points to the group. The classroom becomes desegregated and children of different backgrounds and abilities are accepted.
Link: www.didactic.ro/materiale-didactice/descarcare/64085
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